Do I need a power adapter for Italy?

Yes — Italy uses type C, F and L plugs at 230 volts, so you need a plug adapter. You almost certainly don't need a voltage converter: phones, laptops, camera chargers and modern electronics handle 100–240V, which is printed in small type on the brick. What genuinely doesn't work is American hair appliances and anything with a heating element, which will burn out or trip the breaker regardless of adapter. Italy's type L socket is slightly different from the standard European round pins, so buy a multi-country adapter rather than a simple two-pin one. Bring two.