What do I do if my passport is stolen in Italy?

File a police report first, then contact the nearest US consulate for an emergency replacement. The report — a denuncia, from the Polizia or Carabinieri — is what the consulate needs, and it also matters for insurance. US consulates are in Rome, Milan, Florence and Naples, and they issue emergency passports quickly, often the same or next day, for a trip that's ending. Bring the police report, a photo, and any ID or copy of the passport you still have. Which is why the single best five minutes of preparation is photographing your passport and emailing it to yourself before you leave.